Source: International Standards Organisation (ISO) 11076:1993(E) Table 3

Type II
Approx holdover times anticipated under various conditions (hours:minutes)
OAT (°C)  undil fluid/water  Frost  Freezing  Snow  Freezing  Rain cold 
Fog  Rain  soaked wings 
above 0  100/0  12:00  1:15–3:00  0:25–1:00  0:08–0:20  0:24–1:00 
75/25  6:00  0:50–2:00  0:20–0:45  0:04–0:10  0:18–0:45 
50/50  4:00  0:35–1:30  0:15–0:30  0:02–0:05  0:12–0:30 
0  100/0  8:00  0:35–1:30  0:20–0:45  0:08–0:20  N/A 
0 to –7  75/25  5:00  0:25–1:00  0:15–0:30  0:04–0:10  N/A 
50/50  3:00  0:20–0:45  0:05–0:15  0:01–0:03  N/A 
–7 to –14  100/0  8:00  0:35–1:30  0:20–0:45  N/A  N/A 
75/25  5:00  0:25–1:00  0:15–0:30  N/A  N/A 
–14 to –25  100/0  8:00  0:35–1:30  0:20–0:45  N/A  N/A 

Source: International Standards Organisation (ISO) 11076:1993(E) Table 4
Notes: Under extreme conditions, heat the neat fluid (60°C max) for sprayability. No significant increase is achieved with a stronger mix of type 1. Kilfrost is normally mixed 50/50 or 60/40. The Freezing Rain columns have been replaced in some countries with Light Freezing Rain and Freezing Drizzle.

A
accident, 54, 105
Aerial Application, 38
Aerial Work, 21, 83
aerofoil, 12
aeroplanes, 130
AFFF, 52
Air Ambulance, 49
Air Cadets, 53
Air Operator's Certificate, 40
Air Taxi, 183
Air Testing, 85
air to ground communications, 21
Air Transport Licence, 58
airmanship, 54, 106
airspeed, 13, 29, 30, 60, 65, 66, 68, 69, 119, 121
alcohol, 78
altimeters, 76
Ambulance Taxi Transport, 49
angle of attack, 12, 13, 15, 17, 18
animals, 59
ANO, 20, 91, 104, 110, 113
AOC, 58
APU, 126
AStar, 127
ATC, 61, 94, 99, 103
ATPL, 2, 5
ATT, 49, 50

Index

autorotation, 15, 18, 76, 107, 118, 121, 124, 125
Avgas, 94, 99