時間：2011-08-13 13:07來源：藍(lán)天飛行翻譯 作者：航空 點擊：次
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RUNWAY CENTERLINE LIGHTING - (See Airport Lighting) RUNWAY CONDITION READING/RCR - Numerical decelerometer readings relayed by air traffic controllers at USAF and certain civil bases for use by the pilot in determining runway braking action. These readings are routinely relayed only to USAF and Air National Guard aircraft. (See Braking Action) RUNWAY END IDENTIFIER LIGHTS - (See Airport Lighting) RUNWAY GRADIENT - The average slope, measured in percent, between two ends or point on a runway. Runway gradient is depicted on Government Aerodrome Sketches when total runway gradient exceeds 0.3 percent. RUNWAY HEADING - The magnetic direction that corresponds with the runway centerline extended, not the painted runway number. When cleared to "fly or maintain runway heading," pilots are expected to fly or maintain the heading that corresponds with the extended centerline of the departure runway. Drift correction shall not be applied; e.g., Runway 4, actual magnetic heading of the runway centerline 044, fly 044. RUNWAY IN USE/ACTIVE RUNWAY/DUTY RUNWAY - Any runway or runways currently being used for take-off or landing. When multiple runways are used, they are all considered active runways. RUNWAY LIGHTS - (See Airport Lighting) RUNWAY MARKINGS - (See Airport Marking Aids) RUNWAY PROFILE DESCENT - An instrument flight rules (IFR) Air Traffic Control arrival procedure to a runway published for pilot use in graphic and/or textual form and may be associated with a Standard Terminal Arrival (STAR). Runway profile descents provide routing, and may depict crossing altitudes, speed restrictions, and headings to be flown from the enroute structure to the point where the pilot will receive clearance for and execute an instrument approach procedure. A runway profile descent may apply to more than one runway if so stated on the chart. RUNWAY USE PROGRAM - A noise abatement runway selection plan designed to enhance noise abatement efforts with regard to airport communities for arriving and departing aircraft. These plans are developed into runway use programs and apply to all turbojet aircraft 12,500 pounds or heavier; turbojet aircraft less than 12,500 pounds are included only if the airport proprietor determines that the aircraft creates a noise problem. Runway use programs are coordinated with Federal Aviation Administration offices, and safety criteria used in these programs are developed by the Office of Flight Operations. Runway use programs are administered by the Air Traffic Service as "Formal" or "Informal" programs. (1) Formal runway use program. An approved noise abatement program which is defined and acknowledged in a Letter of Understanding between Flight Standards, Air Traffic Service, the airport proprietor, and the users. Once established, participation in the program is mandatory for aircraft operators and pilots as provided for in Federal Air Regulations Section 91.129. |
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